Effectiveness of photoprotection interventions for melanoma prevention

Authors

Keywords:

melanoma; photoprotection; sunscreening agents; ultraviolet rays

Abstract

Introduction: Photoprotection encompasses topical, physical, behavioral, educational, environmental, and regulatory measures aimed at reducing exposure to ultraviolet radiation, the primary modifiable environmental risk factor for cutaneous melanoma.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of photoprotection interventions, compared with no intervention, usual care, or less intensive strategies, for preventing cutaneous melanoma and modifying intermediate outcomes related to ultraviolet radiation.

Methods: A systematic review with narrative synthesis and no meta-analysis was conducted following PRISMA 2020. PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and LILACS were searched up to December 30, 2025, in English or Spanish. Randomized clinical trials, quasi-experimental studies, cohort studies, and case-control studies assessing photoprotection interventions or exposures were included.

Results: The main synthesis included 15 studies. Regular sunscreen use provided the most direct signal of lower melanoma incidence. Sun-protective clothing, school-based, family, occupational, and community programs, and digital tools showed effects on melanocytic nevi, sunburn, ultraviolet exposure, and adherence to photoprotective behaviors. Indoor tanning was associated with a higher risk of melanoma. Heterogeneity in designs, populations, and outcomes precluded meta-analysis.

Conclusions: The findings support photoprotection as an integrated and sustained strategy. Studies with objective measures of exposure, real-world adherence to photoprotective measures, and longer follow-up are needed.

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Published

2026-09-24

How to Cite

1.
Burbano Aragundi JX, Montenegro Villavicencio AF, Maldonado Loza JA, Rugel Tutiven JJ, Donoso Moreano JO. Effectiveness of photoprotection interventions for melanoma prevention. Rev Cubana Inv Bioméd [Internet]. 2026 Sep. 24 [cited 2026 Sep. 24];45:e4178. Available from: https://revibiomedica.sld.cu/index.php/ibi/article/view/4178

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ARTÍCULOS DE REVISIÓN

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