Prevention strategies for overweight and diabetes mellitus in adult patients in Ibarra

Authors

  • Melba Esperanza Narváez Jaramillo
  • Sara Ximena Guerrón Enríquez
  • Julio Rodrigo Morillo Cano
  • Clara Elisa Pozo Hernández

Keywords:

Prevalence, nutritional intervention, physical activity, body mass index, dietary habits

Abstract

The present study aimed to develop strategies to prevent diabetes mellitus in patients aged 40 to 64 years who were overweight or obese and attended the Alpachaca health center in Ibarra, Ecuador. A mixed approach was adopted, combining qualitative and quantitative analysis, with a cross-sectional design that allowed capturing a clear picture of the health status of this population. To do so, a structured questionnaire was applied to 150 participants, selected by random sampling. The questionnaire inquired about the prevalence of overweight, obesity and diabetes, as well as about risk factors such as eating habits and level of physical activity. The results showed worrying data: 46.67% of the participants were overweight, while 30.00% were obese. When analyzing the prevalence of diabetes mellitus, the numbers were overwhelming. 77.78% of patients with obesity and 42.86% of those with overweight developed the disease, compared to only 13.33% among those with a normal body mass index. No cases of diabetes were found in patients with low weight. Among the most prominent risk factors, a lack of physical activity and high sugar consumption were observed. Based on these findings, it was concluded that there is a clear correlation between excess weight and diabetes mellitus. A comprehensive intervention plan was proposed that promotes dietary changes and encourages physical activity, with special attention to overweight and obese patients.

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Published

2024-12-28

How to Cite

1.
Narváez Jaramillo ME, Guerrón Enríquez SX, Morillo Cano JR, Pozo Hernández CE. Prevention strategies for overweight and diabetes mellitus in adult patients in Ibarra. Rev Cubana Inv Bioméd [Internet]. 2024 Dec. 28 [cited 2025 Dec. 7];43. Available from: https://revibiomedica.sld.cu/index.php/ibi/article/view/3682