Assessment of concordance between diagnostic methods in the detection of HIV in ecuadorian patients

Authors

  • Becker Neto Mullo
  • Lexter Michalache Bernal
  • Marcia Alexandra Silva Mata

Keywords:

HIV, HIV Rapid Test, HIV ELISA test, laboratory tests, Cohen's Kappa

Abstract

Introduction: The effectiveness and concordance of HIV diagnostics are crucial for early diagnosis and adequate treatment.

Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the concordance between diagnostic methods in the detection of HIV in Ecuadorian patients.

Methods: An observational and retrospective study was conducted with 117 patients diagnosed with HIV in the Ecuadorian clinic studied. Cohen's Kappa index was used using SPSS version 27. The alternative hypothesis (H1) was that the Rapid Test and ELISA diagnoses coincided.

Results: The majority of participants (55.6 %) were positive in at least one test, 45.3 % were positive in both tests, and 37.6 % were negative in both. Some 10.3 % were positive in the Rapid Test but negative in the ELISA, while 6.8 % were negative in the Rapid Test but positive in the ELISA. The Kappa index was 0.656, with statistical significance (p < 0.001), indicating non-random concordance.

Conclusions: The results supported the hypothesis that the Rapid Test and ELISA agree in a significant percentage of cases. This demonstrates that both tests are reliable in detecting HIV in the Ecuadorian population, with important implications for medical care and patient counselling.

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Published

2023-12-16

How to Cite

1.
Neto Mullo B, Michalache Bernal L, Silva Mata MA. Assessment of concordance between diagnostic methods in the detection of HIV in ecuadorian patients. Rev Cubana Inv Bioméd [Internet]. 2023 Dec. 16 [cited 2025 Aug. 1];42(2). Available from: https://revibiomedica.sld.cu/index.php/ibi/article/view/3129