Relación del polimorfismo -308A>G del gen TNFα con la evolución clínica de pacientes con COVID-19

Claudia Alemañy Díaz-Perera, Francisco Sotomayor Lugo, Beatriz Marcheco Teruel

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Resumen

Introducción: Desde el comienzo de la enfermedad del coronavirus 2019 en Cuba se observan diferencias de la enfermedad en distintas regiones del país que pudieran explicarse parcialmente a través del polimorfismo TNFα-308A>G.

Objetivos: Determinar el grado en que la presencia del polimorfismo -308A>G del gen TNFα influye en la evolución clínica de individuos infectados por el SARS-CoV-2.

Método: Se realizó un estudio analítico transversal en el Centro Nacional de Genética Médica, desde junio 2020 hasta junio 2021.

Resultados: Los pacientes con presencia del polimorfismo TNFα-308A>G tienen casi dos veces más riesgo de presentar dolor a la respiración, 1.6 veces más riesgo de presentar dolor de garganta.

Conclusiones: La presencia del alelo -308.A del gen TNFα aumenta el riesgo de presentar síntomas de COVID-19 en pacientes cubanos infectados con el virus SARS-CoV-2, aunque no hay evidencia de un mayor riesgo de desarrollar formas graves de la enfermedad en individuos portadores del alelo -308.A en comparación con sujetos que no lo portan. El alelo TNFα.-308A aumenta el riesgo de desarrollar síntomas y presentar formas severas de COVID-19 en la región oriental del país.

Palabras clave

SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; polimorfismo TNFα-308A>G

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