Xeroderma pigmentosum: unraveling the secrets of a rare and debilitating disease

Authors

  • Jeanneth Elizabeth Jami Carrera
  • Melina Chaguaro Torres
  • Brayan Paredes Vásquez

Keywords:

xeroderma pigmentosum, NER, UV rays, poor DNA repair, skin cancer

Abstract

Xeroderma pigmentosum is a rare genetic disease characterized by extreme sensitivity to ultraviolet radiation, resulting in defective DNA repair and an elevated risk of skin cancers. The main objective of this study was to unravel the secrets of this debilitating disease by collecting and synthesizing relevant data on its molecular, genetic, and clinical bases. A systematic literature review was conducted in PubMed, covering articles published between 2019 and 2024. The results confirmed that xeroderma pigmentosum is due to mutations in genes crucial for DNA repair, especially in the nucleotide excision repair pathway. Analyzed clinical cases demonstrate the diversity of manifestations, including neurological and oculocutaneous complications, and the effectiveness of topical treatments such as interferon and imiquimod in resolving skin tumors. Additionally, the importance of ultraviolet radiation protection measures in dental treatment and the potential of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the oncological management of these patients are highlighted. The development of improved photoprotective visors underscores the relevance of technological innovations to enhance the quality of life. In conclusion, this study synthesizes crucial information about xeroderma pigmentosum, highlighting the need for personalized therapeutic approaches, careful management of complications, and the importance of technological innovations to improve patients' lives.

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Published

2024-12-05

How to Cite

1.
Jami Carrera JE, Chaguaro Torres M, Paredes Vásquez B. Xeroderma pigmentosum: unraveling the secrets of a rare and debilitating disease. Rev Cubana Inv Bioméd [Internet]. 2024 Dec. 5 [cited 2025 Aug. 28];43. Available from: https://revibiomedica.sld.cu/index.php/ibi/article/view/3596