Efficacy and Safety of Omalizumab in Pediatric Food Allergy

Authors

Keywords:

food hypersensitivity; omalizumab; child; systematic review

Abstract

Background: Pediatric food allergy mediated by immunoglobulin E (IgE) increases the risk of reactions after accidental exposure and affects children's daily lives and their families. Omalizumab has been proposed as a preventive intervention to increase the reaction threshold, without replacing avoidance or emergency treatment.

Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of omalizumab, as monotherapy or as an adjunct to oral immunotherapy, in pediatric patients with IgE-mediated food allergy.

Methods: We conducted a qualitative systematic review, without meta-analysis, according to PRISMA 2020. We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and LILACS on December 30, 2025, for articles published between 2020 and 2025 in Spanish or English. We included randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, and observational studies reporting efficacy or safety outcomes. Two reviewers selected studies, resolving discrepancies by consensus.

Results: Sixteen studies were included. Omalizumab increased the reaction threshold and tolerance to predefined doses, especially as monotherapy. The safety profile was acceptable, although adverse events, epinephrine use, discontinuations, and reactions after dietary introduction were reported. Heterogeneity in foods, regimens, outcomes, and follow-up limited direct comparison.

Conclusions: Omalizumab may be a preventive option for selected pediatric patients, especially those with multiple allergies, under specialist follow-up and shared decision-making. Studies with harmonized outcomes and prolonged follow-up are needed.

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Published

2026-11-01

How to Cite

1.
Quinga Quillupangui CE, Morocho Rosero AE, Sigüenza Morán JM, Carrera Romero AJ, Salinas Bombon A de J. Efficacy and Safety of Omalizumab in Pediatric Food Allergy. Rev Cubana Inv Bioméd [Internet]. 2026 Nov. 1 [cited 2026 Nov. 1];45:e4198. Available from: https://revibiomedica.sld.cu/index.php/ibi/article/view/4198

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ARTÍCULOS DE REVISIÓN

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