Chronic kidney disease and prognosis of COVID-19 patients
Keywords:
COVID-19, comorbidity, chronic kidney disease, prognosis, SARS-CoV-2Abstract
Introduction: COVID-19 has triggered a global public health emergency, for it has infected and caused the death of millions of people, thus unleashing an unprecedented humanitarian crisis. Deaths due to COVID-19 have also been associated to the presence of several chronic diseases.
Objective: Evaluate the association between chronic kidney disease and the worst prognosis of COVID-19 patients.
Methods: A search was conducted in the databases PubMed, Scopus, EBSCO Host, Clinical Key, Hinari and Cochrane for observational papers published before 30 April 2020 which contained relevant information about the outcome of patients with COVID-19 and chronic kidney disease.
Results: A total 13 papers were included which summarize information about 8 207 patients, 405 (4.9%) of them with chronic kidney disease. Comorbidity was associated to a worse prognosis of COVID-19 patients, with OR = 1.99 [CI 95%: 1.13-3.52; Z = 2.37; p = 0.02] and heterogeneity I2 = 47%, c2 = 22.47 (p = 0.03). After deleting the studies with a greater contribution to heterogeneity, an analysis was conducted of the information about 5 924 patients, finding a greater association between chronic kidney disease and worst prognosis, with OR = 3.02 [CI 95%: 1.79-5.10; Z = 4.15; p < 0.0001] and heterogeneity I2 = 0%, c2 = 3.78 (p = 0.88). This implies that patients with chronic kidney disease affected by COVID-19 have three times as many chances of having a worse prognosis than the general population.
Conclusions: Chronic kidney disease worsens the prognosis of COVID-19 patients.
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References
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