Association of ABO blood group with susceptibility to COVID-19 patients in Ecuador

Authors

  • Enrique Rodríguez Reyes
  • Jhonatan Miguel Siguencia Muñoz
  • Kenia Peñafiel Jaramillo

Keywords:

blood type, ABO blood group, COVID-19, Chi-square, binary logistic regression model.

Abstract

Introduction: The ABO system classifies human blood types based on the presence or absence of antigens on red blood cells and antibodies in blood plasma.

Objective: To associate ABO blood type with susceptibility to COVID-19 in patients at a clinic in Ecuador.

Methods: Chi-square test, Odds ratio (Odds) and a binary logistic regression model were used to evaluate the association between the predictor variables (blood type, age, sex) and the dependent variable (presence or absence of COVID-19) in 152 Ecuadorian patients.

Results: In blood type A, 49.2 % of patients (N=30) had COVID-19 and 50.8 % (N=31) did not; for type B, 52.9 % (N=9) had COVID-19 and 47.1 % (N=8) did not. For type AB, 44.4 % (N=4) had COVID-19 and 55.6 % (N=5) did not; while for type O, 50.8 % (N=33) had COVID-19 and 49.2 % (N=32) did not. The results of Chi-square tests performed to assess the association between blood type and the presence or absence of COVID-19 in the 152 patients were not significant: Pearson's Chi-square (p-value=0.977), Likelihood Ratio (p-value=0.977), and Linear by Linear Association (p-value=0.907).

Conclusions: At the 5 % significance level, the study results do not support the existence of an association between blood type and the presence or absence of COVID-19 in clinic in Ecuador.

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Published

2023-12-21

How to Cite

1.
Rodríguez Reyes E, Siguencia Muñoz JM, Peñafiel Jaramillo K. Association of ABO blood group with susceptibility to COVID-19 patients in Ecuador. Rev Cubana Inv Bioméd [Internet]. 2023 Dec. 21 [cited 2025 Sep. 29];42(2). Available from: https://revibiomedica.sld.cu/index.php/ibi/article/view/3154