Resistance of staphylococcus aureus to methicillin

Abstract

Introduction: Bacterial infections increase in incidence every year, both at nosocomial and community level, among this large group of causative agents are Staphylococcus, being the major representative Staphylococcus aureus, on which new and deeper studies are required. 
Objective: To analyze staphylococcus aureus resistance to methicillin.
Methods: The study belonged to the exploratory level and was observational, cross-sectional, and retrospective. Thirty-six papers published between 2018 and 2022 were consulted in the SciELO, Scopus, Google Scholar, and PubMed databases.
Results: It was evidenced that strains resistant to the antibiotics used have developed, including methicillin resistant. Infections by methicillin-resistant S. aureus are present in the hospital, community, and animal contexts, with direct contact of infected healthcare personnel with hospitalized patients or users returning home, and farm animals being among the main reasons for dissemination.
Conclusions: The bibliographic review carried out allowed understanding how the pathophysiological mechanism and virulence factors of this antigen are associated with its capacity to be multidrug resistant, in addition, it suggests continuing to study the relationship of the active principles of the different drugs used as treatments for the mechanism of resistance of this methicillin-resistant strain, which will serve as a guideline to provide a timely diagnosis, management and adequate treatment to the person who suffers from it.