Efecto del Surfacen®, surfactante pulmonar, en la actividad antimicrobiana de cefotaxima y amikacina

Yuliannis Lugones Ladrón de Guevara, Rebeca Pérez Collado, Andrés Armando Morilla Guzmán, Ivette Espinosa Castaño, Odalys Blanco Hidalgo

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Introducción: La eficacia de los antibióticos, en enfermedades respiratorias infecciosas, es debatida debido a la falla del antibiótico para alcanzar el área pulmonar infectada. En este sentido el surfactante pulmonar tiene la propiedad de adsorberse con muy alta eficiencia a la interfase aire-líquido y, a través de ésta, viajar rápidamente a las vías aéreas distales, venciendo las barreras de la propia arquitectura del pulmón, considerándolo como un transportador de medicamentos, entre ellos de los antibióticos.

Objetivo: Evaluar in vitro el efecto de Surfacen®, surfactante usado en la clínica, en las propiedades antibacterianas de la cefotaxima y la amikacina frente a bacterias comúnmente asociadas a enfermedades respiratorias.

Métodos: La actividad antibacteriana de cefotaxima y amikacina solos o combinados con Surfacen®, se evaluó in vitro mediante el estudio de la curva de letalidad en el tiempo de Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli y Pseudomona aeruginosa. Las definiciones estándar de sinergia, antagonismo o indiferencia se usaron para evaluar el efecto de Surfacen® en la actividad de la cefotaxima y amikacina.

Resultados: Surfacen®, no afecta la actividad antibacteriana de la cefotaxima o la aumenta al obtener un sinergismo a la concentración de 16 µg/mL para S. aureus y a las concentraciones de 8 y 16 µg/mL para P. aeruginosa. En el caso de la amikacina si bien mostró indiferencia también se observó el antagonismo característico de los aminoglucósidos en presencia de surfactante pulmonar.

Conclusiones: Este trabajo proporciona información sobre el uso potencial de Surfacen® como vehículo para el suministro de antibióticos al pulmón

Palabras clave

surfactante pulmonar exógeno, antibiótico, Surfacen®, transportador de medicamentos, Cuba

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