Traces of Mycobacterium tuberculosis detected by GeneXpert-Ultra at the Hospital Neumológico Benéfico Jurídico

Authors

Abstract

Introduction: Tuberculosis remains an infectious disease with high global incidence and mortality. Effective control relies on timely and specific diagnosis, especially in paucibacillary cases often undetected by traditional methods. The molecular test GeneXpert-Ultra has demonstrated higher sensitivity than smear microscopy and conventional culture, detecting extremely low bacillary loads classified as traces.

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic effectiveness of the GeneXpert-Ultra test in patients with suspected tuberculosis attended at the Hospital Neumológico Benéfico Jurídico, Havana, Cuba, and to characterize cases with trace results.

Methods: A descriptive, longitudinal, and non-experimental study conducted from January 2024 to February 2025. A total of 1.121 biological samples were analyzed using GeneXpert-Ultra, positive cases were confirmed by culture, and epidemiological and clinical backgrounds were assessed through surveys and documentary review.

Results: 359 positive samples (32 %) were identified, of which 45 (12.5 %) corresponded to the "trace" category. Most came from induced sputum (77.7 %), followed by bronchial lavage (15.5 %) and pleural fluid (6.6%). Smears were negative in all these cases. A positive result was of great value in patients with suspected or previous diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and in extrapulmonary cases.

Conclusions: GeneXpert-Ultra facilitated effective and early detection of cases with minimal bacillary load, particularly relevant in paucibacillary patients. Its routine implementation is recommended to enhance early diagnosis and reduce community transmission of tuberculosis.

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Published

2025-09-16

How to Cite

1.
Izquierdo Cirer A, Boucourt Rodríguez E, Barrios Pita M, Gallego Ariosa G de la C, Argota Matos N. Traces of Mycobacterium tuberculosis detected by GeneXpert-Ultra at the Hospital Neumológico Benéfico Jurídico. Rev Cubana Inv Bioméd [Internet]. 2025 Sep. 16 [cited 2026 Mar. 4];44. Available from: https://revibiomedica.sld.cu/index.php/ibi/article/view/3967