Removable partial dentures with 3d printing

Abstract

Three-dimensional (3D) printing has transformed the way removable partial dentures (RPDs) are designed and manufactured, offering new possibilities in terms of precision, efficiency, and clinical customization. The objective of this study was to synthesize the scientific evidence published in the last five years regarding the accuracy, adaptation, and clinical viability of RPDs fabricated using 3D printing technologies, in comparison with conventional methods. A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, using a specific search algorithm in the PubMed database, which identified 75 studies, of which 12 met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed qualitatively. The selected studies include in vitro research, clinical trials, and systematic reviews, focusing on parameters such as 3D accuracy, fit precision, structural deformation, and functional adequacy. The findings show that additive technologies, particularly selective laser melting (SLM), achieve clinically acceptable or even superior fit compared to traditional casting techniques. In addition, advantages were identified in the use of printed templates for guided preparation and in digital post-processing. The research question was affirmatively answered, and the proposed objective was achieved, concluding that 3D printing represents a technologically advanced and clinically viable alternative for the fabrication of RPDs. It is recommended that future research includes longitudinal clinical studies that incorporate functional variables and patient-reported outcomes to support the safe and effective integration of these technologies into contemporary dental practice.