Neuropathic pain as a sequelae of herpes zoster infection: management of a case

Abstract

Herpes zoster is a viral condition resulting from the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus, which remains inactive in the nerve ganglia. This condition manifests when the immune system fails to adequately control the replication of the latent virus, so its occurrence is directly related to the individual's immune status. The aim of the study was to analyze a specific case of neuropathic pain secondary to herpes zoster infection, describing its therapeutic management and providing a conceptual framework for the main variables involved. The study consisted of a descriptive observation of a clinical case, focusing on the symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and evolution of an elderly patient with herpes zoster infection and postherpetic neuralgia. Data were collected through clinical interviews, physical examinations, medical history analysis, and periodic follow-ups. The case presented is that of a 65-year-old female patient with a history of hypothyroidism treated with levothyroxine, who initially presented with thoracic pain following a fall. She was diagnosed with herpes zoster infection with postherpetic neuralgia and was treated with acyclovir and pain management with gabapentin and pregabalin, showing significant improvement after treatment. It is concluded that the combination of prevention, early treatment, and a multimodal and interprofessional therapeutic approach is essential to improve clinical outcomes and quality of life in patients with postherpetic neuralgia.