Risk factors for stress during COVID-19 in health care workers

Abstract

Stress is a natural response of the body to challenging situations, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, and can be beneficial in certain circumstances, preparing the body to face difficulties. The objective of this study was to propose state policies that promote health and prevent stress-related diseases, as well as the development of specific strategies for support, early detection and intervention to mitigate the effects of stress in this population group, based on a literature review. The literature review was a retrospective, descriptive, observational and cross-sectional study, based on a search of PubMed scientific articles related to the risk factors of stress during COVID-19 in health personnel, published in the last five years and written in English or Spanish. The main findings highlight high rates of anxiety and stress in health personnel, the urgent need to restructure health services to support critical areas, and risk factors such as direct exposure to the virus, workload, uncertainty, and lack of support. The review also identified the importance of addressing emotional trauma, financial concerns, and stigma and discrimination as additional risk factors. In conclusion, the pandemic has had a significant impact on the mental health of healthcare workers, underscoring the need for specific policies and strategies to protect their emotional and psychological well-being during and after the pandemic.