Anticoagulation during pregnancy

Authors

Keywords:

anticoagulation, pregnancy, prosthetic valves, heparin, warfarin

Abstract

Introduction: The use of anticoagulant drugs during pregnancy has been associated with an increase in maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality.

Objective: Describe the most important considerations for the use of anticoagulant drugs during pregnancy.

Method: A bibliographic review was carried out in the PubMed/MEDLINE, Elsevier, Lilacs and SciELO databases, and the most representative references were included.

Development: The main clinical scenarios for the use of anticoagulant drugs during pregnancy are: venous thromboembolic disease, and patients with mechanical valve prostheses. There are three anticoagulation schemes during pregnancy: use of heparin, use of vitamin K antagonists and the combination of both, according to the trimester in which the pregnant woman is and the dose to be used. The use of warfarin throughout the pregnancy is the regimen that has been least associated with the risk of prosthetic thrombosis but produces fetal malformations when used in the first trimester; This risk is considerably reduced when low doses are used that keep patients in the therapeutic range. Heparins are safe for the fetus but have been associated with a higher risk of prosthetic thrombosis than warfarin. Unfractionated heparin is the drug of choice for the term of pregnancy.

Conclusions: No anticoagulation scheme is completely safe for the mother and the fetus during pregnancy. The combined scheme is the one that comes closest to a balance between maternal and fetal benefit.

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Author Biographies

Gleiny Vazquez Hernández, Hospital Ginecobstétrico Ramón González Coro

Servicio Nacional de Cardiopatia y Embarazo

Pedro Antonio Roman Rubio, Hospital Ramón González Coro

Servicio Nacional de Cardiopatia y Embarazo

Román Vasallo Peraza, Hospital Ramón González Coro

Servicio Nacional de Cardiopatia y Embarazo

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Published

2024-04-18

How to Cite

1.
Vazquez Hernández G, Roman Rubio PA, Vasallo Peraza R, Gil Jiménez Y, Meluzá Martín M, Truffin Mas Y. Anticoagulation during pregnancy. Rev Cubana Inv Bioméd [Internet]. 2024 Apr. 18 [cited 2025 Aug. 2];43. Available from: https://revibiomedica.sld.cu/index.php/ibi/article/view/2679

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Section

ARTÍCULOS DE REVISIÓN