Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease as a silent epidemic

Abstract

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prevalent and increasing hepatic condition associated with obesity and insulin resistance, representing a significant challenge to global public health. The objective of this study was to interpret NAFLD as a silent epidemic through a narrative literature review. To achieve this, an exhaustive search was conducted in PubMed for articles published in the last five years, using terms related to NAFLD, its pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and risk factors. The review encompassed relevant studies exploring various aspects of NAFLD, including traditional and contemporary therapeutic interventions. The results highlighted the multifactorial complexity of NAFLD, where factors such as intermittent hypoxia in obstructive sleep apnea, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and lipid dysmetabolism play crucial roles in its development and progression. Interventions such as Dachaihu and Yinchenhao decoctions show promising therapeutic effects, although further research is needed to validate their efficacy. Additionally, the study reveals significant knowledge gaps, particularly in the management of pediatric NAFLD and the need for educational programs for healthcare professionals. In conclusion, NAFLD is a silent epidemic due to its high prevalence and lack of specific initial symptoms, emphasizing the urgency of early interventions and comprehensive management approaches. Additional studies are recommended in the Ecuadorian population to develop more effective prevention and treatment strategies, adapted to local risk factors.