Gingivectomy as a treatment for gingival hyperplasia

Abstract

Gingival hyperplasia is a common pathology during and after orthodontic treatment, closely linked to the accumulation of bacterial plaque that triggers gingivitis and causes fibroblastic proliferation. This condition alters dental aesthetics by covering the anatomical crown of the teeth. Gingivectomy, especially recommended for patients with a high lip line and small clinical crowns, presents as an effective therapeutic option. This study addresses the clinical case of a patient who underwent gingivectomy to treat post-orthodontic induced gingival hyperplasia. An exhaustive bibliographic review was conducted in databases such as PubMed, Scielo, and Elsevier using specific key terms, which allowed for scientific support of the methodology and treatment used. The results obtained showed notable improvements in the patient, who continues under periodic supervision. The findings suggest a positive impact on aesthetic parameters and in reducing the risk of recurrence. The importance of regular bacterial plaque controls and the performance of periodic dental prophylaxis to maintain results is emphasized. In conclusion, the combination of gingivectomy and gingivoplasty is confirmed as a viable surgical strategy, provided its limitations are recognized and proper follow-up is implemented. This case contributes to the existing literature by highlighting the effectiveness of these surgical techniques in managing aesthetic and functional complications in post-orthodontic patients.