Multinomial regression analysis of COVID-19 severity in patients of Ecuador

Authors

  • Carlos López Barrionuevo
  • Edwin Miranda Solis
  • Evelyn Betancourt Rubio

Keywords:

multinomial regression, COVID-19, smoking, mechanical ventilation, predictors of severity

Abstract

Introduction: Determining specific predictors of severity in the population allows us to identify high-risk groups on which to focus measures to prevent severe progression of COVID-19, reducing related complications.

Objective: To analyze by multinomial regression the severity of COVID-19, according to smoking status, comorbidities, Body Mass Index, sex, and age, in patients of a hospital in Ecuador, during the second semester of 2022.

Methods: The study was predictive, analytical, observational, cross-sectional and retrospective.  The study population consisted of 214 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 confirmed by laboratory tests. A multinomial regression design with likelihood ratio tests was performed.

Results: In the multinomial analysis performed in 214 patients hospitalized for COVID-19, the presence of previous comorbidity increased 5.9 times the probability of hospitalization (OR 5.90; 95 % CI 2.78-12.53) and 5 times the risk of ICU admission (OR 5.09; 95 % CI 2.45-10.57) compared to requiring mechanical ventilation. The final model explained 19.7 % of the variability in disease severity.

Conclusions: Previous comorbidity represented the main factor independently associated with a higher severity of COVID-19 in hospitalized patients, increasing the risk of both hospitalization and ICU admission over the requirement of mechanical ventilation. Other covariates such as smoking, age, BMI or sex did not show a significant correlation with the level of severity achieved by the disease. Further studies are required to determine additional predictors of clinical progression of COVID-19.

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Published

2024-04-03

How to Cite

1.
López Barrionuevo C, Miranda Solis E, Betancourt Rubio E. Multinomial regression analysis of COVID-19 severity in patients of Ecuador. Rev Cubana Inv Bioméd [Internet]. 2024 Apr. 3 [cited 2025 Aug. 25];43. Available from: https://revibiomedica.sld.cu/index.php/ibi/article/view/3265