Effectiveness of motivational interviewing in cardiovascular therapeutic adherence
Keywords:
cardiovascular disease, motivational interviewing, therapeutic adherence, pharmacological treatment, systematic review.Abstract
Introduction: Motivational interviewing eliminates ambivalence, ensures therapeutic adherence in people with chronic pathologies, and contributes to the achievement of health goals.
Objective: To determine the effectiveness of motivational interviewing on therapeutic adherence in people with cardiovascular disease.
Methods: A systematic review was made of clinical trials on motivational interviewing in patients with cardiovascular disease and its influence on therapeutic adherence. The search focused on the main electronic databases in English, Spanish and Portuguese: MEDLINE (PubMed), Cochrane Library, LILACS, CINAHL Plus, Virtual Health Library, EBSCO and SCOPUS. Two reviewers independently assessed the relevance of the citations according to inclusion criteria. Methodological quality was determined using the Cochrane Collaboration domain-based scale.
Results: Eight studies with a total of 2030 patients were included in the systematic review. Most trials had a high risk of bias in at least one domain. Motivational interviewing was more effective than usual care in objective and subjective measures; in addition, it modified unhealthy behaviors and lowered participants' blood pressure. Several studies evaluated adherence to pharmacological treatment.
Conclusions: Motivational interviewing had favorable effects on adherence to treatment in patients with cardiovascular disease and reduced blood pressure levels. Heterogeneity was observed in the administration of the intervention and the method of measuring adherence.
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