Treatment of maxillofacial fractures in a Cuban hospital during the pandemic of COVID-19
Keywords:
facial bones, traumatology, epidemiology.Abstract
Introduction: The epidemiology of maxillofacial fractures varies according to lifestyles, cultural level and socioeconomic status in different geographical areas.
Objective: To characterize epidemiologically and therapeutically the patients with maxillofacial fractures treated in a Cuban university hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: An observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out on patients attended at the Maxillofacial Surgery Service of the General University Hospital "Carlos Manuel de Céspedes" of Bayamo, Granma province, between January 1 and December 31, 2020. Epidemiological and therapeutic variables were studied.
Results: 85 patients with 220 fractures were included. Men were the most affected (n = 74; 87.06 %) and the male/female ratio was 6.73:1. The age group 41-60 years (n = 40; 47.06 %) stood out. In 38.89 % of the cases the trauma was related to interpersonal violence. Fifty-four patients (63.52 %) had fractures of the zygomatic complex. The mandibular angle was the most damaged anatomical location. Fractures were treated primarily by closed reduction.
Conclusions: The epidemiological profile of maxillofacial fractures was prominent in adult male patients mainly due to interpersonal violence. Complex fractures of the midfacial third were treated by open method. The temporal distribution of the cases showed the impact of COVID-19 on the epidemiology of these traumas.
Downloads
References
1. Alqahtani F, Bishawi K, Jaber M. Analysis of the pattern of maxillofacial injuries in Saudi Arabia: A systematic review. Saudi Dent J. 2020;32(2):61-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.sdentj.2019.08.008
2. Assiri ZA, Salma REG, Almajid EA, Alfadhel AK. Retrospective radiological evaluation to study the prevalence and pattern of maxillofacial fracture among Military personal at Prince Sultan Military Medical City [PSMMC], Riyadh: An institutional study. Saudi Dent J. 2020;32(5):242-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.sdentj.2019.09.005
3. Al-Bokhamseen M, Salma R, Al-Bodbaij M. Patterns of maxillofacial fractures in Hofuf, Saudi Arabia: A 10-year retrospective case series. Saudi Dent J. 2019;31(1):129-36. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.sdentj.2018.10.001
4. Xiao L, Qiu W, Wei L. Epidemiological pattern of maxillofacial fractures in northern China: A retrospective study of 829 cases. Med (Baltimore). 2020;99(9):e19299. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097%2FMD.0000000000019299
5. Elarabi MS, Bataineh AB. Changing pattern and etiology of maxillofacial fractures during the civil uprising in Western Libya. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2018;23(2):e248-55. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4317%2Fmedoral.22268
6. Patil SG, Munnangi A, Joshi U, Thakur N, Allurkar S, Patil BS. Associated injuries in maxillofacial trauma: A study in a tertiary hospital in South India. J Maxillofac Oral Surg. 2018;17(4):410-6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs12663-017-0998-7
7. AlHammad Z, Nusair Y, Alotaibi S, Ababtain R, Alsulami S, Aljumah G. A cross-sectional study of the prevalence and severity of maxillofacial fractures resulting from motor vehicle accidents in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Saudi Dent J. 2020;32(6):314-20. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.sdentj.2019.09.009
8. Morales D, Barreto V, Durañona L, Rodríguez A. Caracterización del trauma maxilofacial grave en dos servicios de urgencia de La Habana, Cuba. Rev Cub Estomatol. 2020 [acceso 17/01/2021];57(1). Disponible en: http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-75072020000100001
9. Díaz JM, Díaz AL. Perfil de severidad lesional del trauma esquelético maxilofacial. MEDISAN. 2014 [acceso 26/02/2021];18(7):954-61. Disponible en: http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1029-30192014000700011
10. Díaz JM, Díaz AL, Estrada GA. Perfil epidemiológico del trauma facial de tejido blando por accidente de ciclos. MEDISAN. 2014 [acceso 26/02/2021];18(8). Disponible en: http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1029-30192014000800012
11. Morales D, Brugal I. Trauma maxilofacial en el Servicio de Urgencias del Hospital Universitario “General Calixto García”. 2016-2017. Rev Haban Cienc Méd. 2018 [acceso 26/02/2021];17(4). Disponible en: http://www.revhabanera.sld.cu/index.php/rhab/article/view/2369
12. Morales D, Aguila Y, Grau IB. Comportamiento del politrauma maxilofacial y trauma maxilofacial grave. Rev Cub Estomatol. 2018 [acceso 26/02/2021];55(4). Disponible en: http://www.revestomatologia.sld.cu/index.php/est/article/view/1506
13. Estrada MG. Epidemiología de las fracturas maxilofaciales tratadas quirúrgicamente en el Servicio Maxilofacial de Bayamo: 5 años de revisión. Multimed. 2017 [acceso 26/02/2021];21(6):809-18. Disponible en: https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/resource/en;/cum-73750
14. Rowe NL, Killey HC. Cirugía y ortopedia de cara y cabeza. Buenos Aires: Editorial Bibliográfica Argentina; 1968.
15. Pietzka S, Kämmerer PW, Pietzka S, Schramm A, Lampl L, Lefering R, et al. Maxillofacial injuries in severely injured patients after road traffic accidents-a retrospective evaluation of the Trauma Register DGU® 1993-2014. Clin Oral Inv. 2020;24(1):503-13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs00784-019-03024-6
16. Dhungel S, Singh AK. Prevalence of operated facial injury in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of a Tertiary Hospital. J Nepal Med Assoc. 2020;58(221):6-10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31729%2Fjnma.4567
17. Plawecki A, Bobian M, Kandinov A, Svider PF, Folbe AJ, Eloy JA, et al. Recreational activity and facial trauma among older adults. JAMA Facial Plastic Surg. 2017;19(6): 453-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001%2Fjamafacial.2017.0332
18. Bobian M, El-Kashlan N, Hanba CJ, Svider PF, Folbe AJ, Eloy JA, et al. Traumatic facial injuries among elderly nursing home residents: never event or frequent occurrence? JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2017;143(6):569-3. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001%2Fjamaoto.2016.4275
19. Morales D. Fracturas del tercio medio facial. Rev Cub Estomatol. 2018 [acceso 18/03/21];55(1). Disponible en: https://revestomatologia.sld.cu/index.php/est/article/view/1388
20. Ashrafullah, Kumar R, Mishra A. The incidence of facial injuries in children in Indian population: A retrospective study. J Oral Biology Craniofac Res. 2018;8(2):82-5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jobcr.2017.09.006
21. Fouda N, Abubakari AR, Aminde LN, Morgan AR. Seatbelt use and risk of major injuries sustained by vehicle occupants during motor-vehicle crashes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. BMC Public Health. 2018;18(1):1413. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186%2Fs12889-018-6280-1
22. Stier R, Otte D, Müller C, Petri M, Gaulke R, Krettek C, et al. Effectiveness of bicycle safety helmets in preventing facial injuries in road accidents. Archiv Trauma Res. 2016;5(3):e30011. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5812%2Fatr.30011
23. Benjamin T, Hills NK, Knott PD, Murr AH, Seth R. Association between conventional bicycle helmet use and facial injuries after bicycle crashes. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2019;145(2):140-5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001%2Fjamaoto.2018.3351
24. Arif MZ, Rajanikanth BR, Prasad K. Soft tissue injuries of the maxillofacial region occurring from motorcycle accidents. J Maxillofac Oral Surg. 2019;18(3):432-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs12663-018-1149-5
25. Yuen HW, Hohman MH, Mazzoni T. Mandible Fracture. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2021 [acceso 18/03/21]. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507705/
26. Jain P, Rathee M. Mandible body fracture. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2021 [acceso 18/03/21]. Disponible en: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK553119/
27. de Boutray M, Kün-Darbois JD, Sigaux N, Lutz JC, Veyssiere A, Sesque A, et al. Impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on the epidemiology of maxillofacial trauma activity: a French multicentre comparative study. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2021;50(6):750-5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.ijom.2020.10.005
28. Allevi F, Dionisio A, Baciliero U, Balercia P, Beltramini GA, Bertossi D, et al. Impact of COVID-19 epidemic on maxillofacial surgery in Italy. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2020;58(6):692-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.bjoms.2020.04.035
29. Ahmed A, Evans K, Rajapakse S. How has COVID-19 affected surgical practice in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery in the East Midlands, UK? Surgeon. 2021;19(5):e276-80. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.surge.2020.12.010
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Aquellos autores/as que tengan publicaciones con esta revista, aceptan los términos siguientes: Los autores/as conservarán sus derechos de autor y garantizarán a la revista el derecho de primera publicación de su obra, el cuál estará simultáneamente sujeto a la Licencia de reconocimiento de Creative Commons (CC-BY-NC 4.0) que permite a terceros compartir la obra siempre que se indique su autor y su primera publicación esta revista. Los autores/as podrán adoptar otros acuerdos de licencia no exclusiva de distribución de la versión de la obra publicada (p. ej.: depositarla en un archivo telemático institucional o publicarla en un volumen monográfico) siempre que se indique la publicación inicial en esta revista. Se permite y recomienda a los autores/as difundir su obra a través de Internet (p. ej.: en archivos telemáticos institucionales o en su página web) antes y durante el proceso de envío, lo cual puede producir intercambios interesantes y aumentar las citas de la obra publicada. (Véase El efecto del acceso abierto).
Como Revista Cubana de Investigaciones Biomédicas forma parte de la red SciELO, una vez los artículos sean aceptados para entrar al proceso editorial (revisión), estos pueden ser depositados por parte de los autores, si estan de acuerdo, en SciELO preprints, siendo actualizados por los autores al concluir el proceso de revisión y las pruebas de maquetación.
