Challenges of the urinary microbiota
Keywords:
urinary microbiota, microbiome, lower urinary tract, 16S rRNA sequencing.Abstract
Introduction: The description of the urinary microbiota, within the human microbiome, results in a scientific contribution based on bacterial 16S rRNA (ribosomal RNA subunit) sequence studies. Urine presents microorganisms that lead to chronic urological conditions.
Objectives: To describe the microbiota in the bladder and its impact on the lower urinary tract based on the 16S rRNA sequence that characterizes bacterial communities.
Methods: Spanish and English language publications were reviewed in PubMed, Google Scholar, SciELO and Uptodate databases from January 2012 to January 2020. The terms urinary microbiota, microbiome, lower urinary tract and 16S rRNA sequence were used.
Results: Changes in the composition of bladder-specific bacterial communities lead to chronic urological diseases such as urinary incontinence, interstitial cystitis, and chronic nonbacterial prostatitis. Probiotics, prebiotics and an adequate diet favor the balance of the urinary microbiota.
Conclusions: The urinary microbiota and its association with lower urinary tract conditions should be known. The diagnostic value and implications in medical practice, with the possibility of therapies, of the imbalance of bacterial communities in this system are discussed.
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