Parámetros acústicos del habla, P300 y conducta suicida adolescente

Carla Soledad Figueroa Saavedra, Enzo Fabián Alarcón Acuña, Virginia Guillén Cañas, Gerson Eleazar Jara Cabrera

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Resumen

Introducción: El suicidio resulta la segunda causa de muerte entre los jóvenes. La conducta suicida constituye una oportunidad de estudio para prevenir la muerte.

Objetivo: Explorar en la literatura si los parámetros acústicos y la actividad bioeléctrica pueden considerarse biomarcadores del riesgo suicida.

Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda en las principales bases de datos y de gestores de la información (PubMed, WOS, IEEExplore, Scopus, Chrocrane). Se seleccionaron los artículos sobre la relación entre voz, habla, actividad bioeléctrica y conducta suicida.

Resultados: A través de la revisión se observó que la voz y el habla aportan información acerca de la conducta suicida. Se destacan parámetros como: 1) F0; 2) F1; 3) F2 4) F3 y 5) jitter. En cuanto al P300 este varía en latencia y amplitud cuando existe conducta suicida. Sin embargo, la interpretación debe ser cuidadosa, porque según el tipo de conducta estos elementos se modifican.

Conclusiones: La voz, el habla y la actividad bioeléctrica podrían representar biomarcadores del riesgo suicida; por tanto, investigarlos abriría nuevas ventanas de acción en esta área.

Palabras clave

suicidio; biomarcadores; P300; voz; habla.

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