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Revisión sistemática de estudios preclínicos sobre el efecto de las vitaminas en la regeneración ósea
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Introducción: Las vitaminas son sustancias orgánicas con propiedades biológicas sobre múltiples tejidos del organismo, incluido el tejido óseo; por tanto, pueden participar en el proceso de regeneración ósea.
Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto de las vitaminas en el proceso de regeneración ósea en modelos preclínicos de defectos óseos.
Métodos: La siguiente revisión sistemática se realizó de acuerdo con la guía Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses. La pregunta de investigación se construyó de acuerdo con el modelo PICO (Población, Intervención, Comparador, Resultado), y las búsquedas bibliográficas se realizaron en las bases de datos PubMed/Medline, Embase, Web of Science (WOS), Scopus y LILACS. También se consultó literatura gris en PROQUEST y Google Scholar. Se buscó como resultado principal “regeneración ósea”.
Resultados: Se incluyeron 23 artículos para el análisis cualitativo; posteriormente se evaluaron la calidad, a través de la herramienta Animal Reseach: Reporting of In Vivo Experiments (ARRIVE), y el riesgo de sesgo mediante la herramienta del Centro de Revisión Sistemática para Experimentación con Animales de laboratorio (herramienta de riesgo de sesgo SYRCLE). Los hallazgos principales mostraron la acción de las vitaminas sobre la regeneración ósea en defectos óseos inducidos en animales; sin embargo, no se recuperaron datos sobre los parámetros analizados de manera similar en los estudios.
Conclusiones: La evidencia actual sugiere que la administración de vitaminas promueve la regeneración ósea; sin embargo, se requieren más estudios preclínicos para confirmar el efecto de las vitaminas sobre los defectos óseos.
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